When it comes to anesthesia, our geriatric patients have very specific needs that differ … Post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) delirium refers to fluctuations in mental status occurring after emergence but prior to meeting criteria for discharge from a PACU. Postoperative delirium is a state in which patients have altered consciousness, orientation, memory, perception, and behavior. It can be triggered by a variety of factors including: Fluid and electrolyte imbalances; Dehydration; Hypoxia; Hypercarbia; Acid-base disturbances; Infections such as respiratory, wound or urinary tract infections Postoperative Delirium: which is the most severe occurs on emergence from anaesthesia and sedation, with or without lucidintervals, for approximately a couple of hours or longer. Postoperative Delirium. It is usually noted in the PACU. Residual paralysis is frequently observed in the patients in PACU because of the underuse of neuromuscular function monitoring and incomplete antagonism of the effects of neuromuscular blockers, which increases postoperative respiratory complications, particularly hypoxemic episodes.13 Drug-induced delirium is an obvious concern after anesthesia, because many drugs used in the … 1 Each year, more than 300 million surgical procedures are performed worldwide, involving an increasingly elderly patient population. Patients suffering postoperative delirium have a 2 to 4 times greater odds of dying in the hospital, ([FOOTNOTE=Abelha FJ, Luis C, Veiga D, et al. Philip Levin, in Complications in Anesthesia (Second Edition), 2007. The high incidence of postoperative delirium in the elderly (i.e., 65 yr or older), ranging from 10%-60% [3-6], has rekindled interest in this disorder. It has been three years since the ESA appointed a task force to look at post-operative delirium (POD), which included César Aldecoa (Spain), Gabriella Bettelli (Italy), Federico Bilotta (Italy) and Robert Sanders (UK) and was coordinated by Claudia Spies (Germany). 1 It occurs in 25 to 52% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with increased mortality, increased duration of hospitalization, and long-term cognitive decline. Emergence delirium refers to the delirium in the immediate post-anesthesia period [ 6, 7 ]. COVID-19 Delirium Prevention Resources Resources relevant to COVID-19 and delirium to assist in the care of older adults. Best Practices for Postoperative Brain Health Initiative . PROBLEM ANALYSIS Definition. A 2015 review of scientific literature about POD defines delirium as […] Table 1. People with PD are even more susceptible to this phenomenon especially those with cognitive decline. Postoperative delirium is a state in which patients have altered consciousness, orientation, memory, perception, and behavior. Postoperative delirium is a well defined entity today. Once the patient is discharged from the PACU to the hospital ward or ICU, mental status changes that meet delirium diagnosis criteria are referred to as postoperative delirium. Post-surgical delirium. Hazem E Elsersy* Department of Medicine, Menoufya University, Egypt *Correspondence to: Hazem Ezzat Elsersy, Lecturer of Anesthesia, Faculty of Anesthesiology, Menofia University, Recognition. Delirium is seen more frequently in surgery patients than the general population of the hospital for multiple reasons. 2,3 Postoperative delirium is a common and important complication for older patients and may relate to the dose of anesthesia drugs used during surgery.